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| 8.8 |  | QoS using Low Speed Links |
| 8.8.3 |  | Link fragmentation and interleaving |

In addition to network congestion, one of the primary contributors to both delay and jitter is serialization delay. This is often caused by a time sensitive packet getting “stuck in traffic” behind a large data packet, such as FTP. The lower the speed of the link the more significant the serialization delay. Link fragmentation is the process of breaking up large packets to allow smaller, more time sensitive packets to proceed through the network in a timely manner. Interleaving is the processes of “weaving” time sensitive packets into the train of fragmented data packets.